2016 李克强总理答记者问（四）

Full transcript（四）：李克强总理答记者问

中国日报记者:谢谢，总理你好。在本次两会开始之前，我们发起了一个“我向总理提问”的网上投票调查。截至到目前，有大量网友参与了投票，选出了十大问题，和民生都紧密相关。目前来看，排在第一位的是加快推进医保的全国联网。有1000多万网友把票投给了这个问题，他们也许正在看直播，等待您的回答。那么我的问题就是总理，对于解决这个问题，您有没有一个时间表？谢谢。

China Daily: A head of the two sessions this year, China Daily and its app conducted an online voting survey, in which 24 million netizens participated. All the 10 questions on the survey are closely connected with people's daily life. Top of the list was how to achieve national portability of medical insurance schemes, which received 10 million votes from netizens. Mr. Premier, is there a timetable for us to achieve national portability of medical insurance?

李克强:首先要感谢你们运用网络投票的方式来了解民生的难处，给政府出题，这也是帮助政府改进工作。你刚才讲的事情我也经常听到。有些老年人退休以后和子女在异地生活，还帮助照看第三代，但是生病住院了还得回到原来工作的地方去报销。这些事情看起来是具体的事，但对碰到这个事的人或家庭，有可能就是天大的事。

政府下决心要推进全国医保联网。要在今年基本解决省内就医异地直接结算的基础上，争取用两年时间，使老年人跨省异地住院费用能够直接结算，使合情合理的异地结算问题不再成为群众的痛点。当然，这需要我们各有关部门下大力气。我们执政的目的是为什么？出发点和落脚点还是为了改善民生，就是要让群众对民生的呼声和要求，倒逼我们的发展，推动和检验我们的改革。谢谢大家。

Li Keqiang: I want to first thank you for conducting the survey, asking the people what the top concerns are in their daily lives. That will certainly help the government do its job better. I've also heard a lot about the retired elderly people moving to places away from their hometowns to live with their children. And they are even taking on the responsibility of taking care of their children's children. But when they get sick or hospitalized, they cannot easily get their medical expenses reimbursed in places where their expenses occur. It may seem a very concrete and specific issue. But when viewing it in the context of one single family, it could be a paramount issue.

The Chinese government is fully determined to achieve national portability of medical insurance schemes at a faster pace. This year we will basically achieve direct settlement of such expenses at the provincial level. And we also plan to use two years of time to achieve the direct settlement of hospitalized expenses by retired elderly people in places away from their hometowns, so as to remove this high concern in the minds of our people. This requires that all relevant government departments make tremendous efforts. All the government's work is to improve the well-being of our people. So we need to use the concrete wishes for a better life by our people to drive our development, and reform and test there sults of our reform.

台湾中天电视台记者:请教，台湾今年政党轮替，有舆论认为，政党轮替之后可能会对两岸关系未来的发展带来一些不确定性。请您谈谈您对今后两岸关系前景的一些看法？请问大陆方面会不会继续推出促进两岸经济合作、有利于民生的新措施？谢谢。

CTI Television Incorporation: There has been a change of ruling party in Taiwan this year. There is a perception that the change will bring uncertainty to cross-Straits relations. I would like to ask for your opinion about the prospects of cross-Straits relations. Will the mainland introduce more measures that will help boost cross-Straits relations, business cooperation and improve people's livelihoods?

李克强:两岸关系的和平发展确实造福了两岸民众，两岸经济社会关系也在不断密切，而且需要良性互动。我记得去年我到福建考察，曾经开了一个台商座谈会，不少台商对大陆出的经济举措很敏感，很多人都担心对台湾投资企业的优惠政策会不会改变，我们听进去了，回来就发了文件，明确对台湾投资企业已有的优惠政策不得改变，要给定心丸。我们为什么这么做？因为我们是同胞啊。

我们还会继续推出有利于两岸经贸合作的举措，当然前提是要保持两岸的和平发展，基石还是“九二共识”。只要遵循这一政治基础，大家都认同属于一个中国，可以说什么问题都好谈。我对两岸关系和平发展的前景是乐观的，我们之间的血脉是分不开的。我相信两岸经贸关系的发展也会造福两岸民众，改善民生。谢谢！

Li Keqiang: Peaceful development of cross-Straits relations is in interest of people on both sides of the Taiwan Straits. Economic and social ties between the two sides are also becoming increasingly close, and there needs to be sound interaction between the two sides. Last year, I paid a field trip to Fujian province, where I had a round-table with some Taiwan business people. Many of them were quite sensitive about any economic measures from the mainland and some were considering whether the preferential policy for Taiwan businesses will be changed. Their point was well taken and we quickly issued a document specifying that all the introduced preferential policies for Taiwan businesses will remain unchanged to make them feel reassured.

Why did we do that? Because we are all members of a big family.

We will introduce more policies to boost business cooperation between the mainland and Taiwan on the premise that there will be continued peaceful development of cross-Straits relations and the footstone of it is the 1992 Consensus. As long as one adheres to the political foundation of the 1992 Consensus and recognizes it, that both mainland and Taiwan belong to one and the same China, anything can be discussed. I for one feel optimistic about the future of peaceful development of cross-Straits relations. There is a strong tie between the two sides that cannot be severed. I also believe that closer business cooperation could bring benefits to people of both sides.

中央人民广播电台、央广网记者:谢谢主持人。总理您好。您刚才谈到简政放权时谈到了政务公开，大家对政务公开也是有越来越高的期待，每年依法申请公开信息的数量也在逐渐增多。但是一些地方和部门不够“给力”，发布消息相对滞后，大家心里有些着急，有些意见。请问总理您怎么看？谢谢。

China National Radio: Just now you mentioned increasing transparency in government affairs. Our people have high hopes for great openness of government affairs, and each year the number of applications for the release of government information has been on the rise. However, we have seen that some government departments and local authorities are not so quick in releasing related information, which the people are quite unhappy about. What steps will be taken to address this problem?

李克强:政务公开和简政放权可以说都是推进政府职能转变的关键，中央也明确要求，要推进政务公开，我们还要在若干方面进行努力。首先，该公开的应该全部公开。公开是惯例，不公开是例外。尤其是涉及到公众利益的措施，财政预算收支情况等，都应该加大公开的力度，让群众像扫二维码一样清清楚楚、一览无余。

第二，能上网的要尽可能上网。政府的权力清单要上网，权力的运行也要上网，要留下痕迹，这样可以减少自由裁量的空间。人们不是常说“人在做、天在看”吗？现在是云计算的时代，我们要让“权在用、云在看”。行使权力不能打小算盘。

第三，要及时回应社会的关切。我们出台一些政策，本来是为了利民、惠民，群众看不懂、有疑问，那就要解释。一些合理的建议，该修改的就要修改。要让政策的内涵透明，而且也回应民意。今年两会前，我就要求国务院的部长们要主动发声，回答记者的提问。不是有一个“部长通道”吗？我跟他们说：你们可不能记者一发问你就拱拱手一走了之，要把嘴巴张开，直截了当地回答问题。我听说今年部长们的表现还是受到记者们的欢迎的，是不是啊？

政务公开实质上也是要让政府的权力受到监督，这样也有利于政府提高效率，而且从制度上来避免滥用权力。我们欢迎社会各界，包括媒体朋友们的监督。谢谢。

Li Keqiang: Streamlining administration and increasing transparency of government affairs are both essential for transforming government functions. There is no problem with the firm resolve of the central government to increase the openness of government affairs, and further steps will be taken in this respect. First, any information that can be made public should be released. So openness will be standard practice, whereas the lack of this an exception. More information needs to be made public if it concerns an issue that involves public interests or it concerns the balance sheet of public finances. We should make government information as easily accessible for our people as just one click away.

Second, we need to upload as much information as possible onto the Internet. We need to release the government list of powers, and this will help us narrow the space for any fraudulent use of office. People used to say, As man is doing, heaven is watching. I guess in this era of cloud computing, it should be, Cloud is watching, watching how power is being used, and in the exercise of power by governmental departments, there should be no practice of making calculating moves for personal gain.

Third, the government needs to actively respond to public concerns. When we introduce a particular policy, if people have any questions or doubts about the policy, the government has the duty to give necessary explanations and even revise the policy by drawing reasonable suggestions and ideas from the general public. We need to ensure that people are fully clear about what our government policies are about. Before the two sessions opened this year, I had asked all ministers in the State Council to be more proactive in talking to the press. Was there not a passage in the Great Hall of the People for ministers to appear before the press to take their questions? What I said to the ministers is that whenever you encounter journalists, you should no longer just wave your hand and take a quick leave, rather, you need to open your mouth and answer questions straightforward. From what I heard, the performance of ministers has been warmly welcomed and received by the press.

Increasing openness in government affairs will help ensure that the use of government power is properly supervised, government efficiency can be enhanced and institutional safeguards can be provided against misuse of office. So we will continue to welcome supervision from the media and the general public. Thank you.

日本经济新闻记者:李总理，您好。我想请问的是关于中日韩领导人会议的问题。去年中日韩领导人会议在韩国首尔举办。今年日本是主办方，中日韩三个国家之间，在包括朝鲜核问题和中日韩自由贸易协定等方面，能够合作的空间很多。请问，中方对今年的中日韩领导人会议有什么样的期待？为了出席这个会议，您将作为总理首次访问日本。很多专家认为在中国经济转型升级当中，日本企业能够发挥的作用很大。请问，您对中日经济关系的互补性有什么样的看法？谢谢。

Japan's Nikkei Business Daily: I have a question about the meeting of leaders from China, Japan and the Republic of Korea. Last year this trilateral leaders' meeting was resumed in Seoul, in the ROK, and this year Japan is the host of the trilateral leaders' meeting. We believe that there are many areas where the three countries can work with each other, for example, in addressing the DPRK nuclear issue and in pursuing the free-trade agreement involving the three countries. So my question is what are your expectations for the trilateral leaders' meeting this year? And in order to attend this meeting, you will for the first time go to Japan in your current capacity. Some experts also believe that Japanese companies can play a big role in helping China achieve economic transformation. So I want to ask for your prospective on the economic complementarity between China and Japan?

李克强:去年我去韩国出席了中日韩领导人会议，这本是个一年一度的会晤机制，时隔三年才重启，的确是来之不易。是否还能够顺利地进行，三方要互动，尤其是现在中日关系虽然有改善的势头，但是还不巩固，还比较脆弱，我们还应该本着双方对历史问题的原则共识，而且做到言行一致。我可不愿意看到再走回头路。

讲到中日韩关系也使我想到一个比较轻松的话题，就是最近韩国棋手和AlphaGO进行围棋人机大战，三国很多民众都比较关注，这也表明三国之间文化有相似之处。我不想评论这个输赢，因为不管输赢如何，这个机器还是人造的。中日韩三国或者说我们中日之间，应该有智慧来推动智能制造、发展科技合作，创造人们需要的高质量产品。而且中日韩三国经济占世界经济的五分之一，是亚洲经济的70%，我们之间的互补性很强，可以携起手来去开拓更为广阔的世界市场。谢谢！

Li Keqiang: Last year I went to the ROK and attended the trilateral leaders' meeting. This meeting should have been an annual event, however, it was only resumed last year after a three-year hiatus, and this has not come easily. As to whether the format will enjoy smooth development in the future, it's very much up to the interactions among the three countries. In particular, there has been some signs of improvement of Sino-Japanese ties, but it is not fully established yet and it is still fragile. We believe that it is important to adhere to the consensus reached between the two sides on the issue of principle involving history, and it is important to match one's words with concrete actions. What I don't want to see is another disruption in the holding of such a meeting.

Talking about the relationship among China, Japan and the ROK, I cannot help but recalling a lighthearted topic. That is the recent match between the ROK champion and Alpha Go, the match between human and computer. It has become a very hot topic in all the three countries, I think that shows in a way that there is much commonality culturally among the three countries. I have no intention to comment on the results of the match here, but I believe, despite win or lose, after all this machine, Alpha Go, is designed and made by humans. I also believe that the three countries, or between China and Japan, can have wisdom in boosting smart manufacturing and science and technologies to develop high quality products that can better meet consumer needs. The economy of the three countries accounts for one-fifth of the global total and 70 percent of the Asian total. I believe there are many complementarities among us and if we can leverage these complementarities, we can do even better in global markets.

中央电视台、央视网、央视客户端记者:谢谢主持人把最后一个提问的机会给我。总理您好，我的问题是关于“五险一金”的。现在社会上降低“五险一金”的呼吁是比较集中的，我们不妨看一下，如果一个职工工资条上一个月收入是8000块钱，他到手的收入实际上不到5000块钱，3000块钱都缴纳“五险一金”了。另外“五险一金”对于企业来说也是一个非常沉重的负担，他们觉得压力很大，企业和职工都希望能够少缴。但是我们换一个角度想，如果他们都少缴的话，那么本来就已经很紧张的社保基金，收支不平衡可能会变得更加紧张。请问总理，您怎么回应来自社会的这些意见？您又怎么去解决这样一个棘手的“两难”问题？这样的问题有没有列入您今年的政府工作议程，您准备怎么具体地解决它？谢谢。

CCTV: A question about contributions by the general public and businesses to the five major social insurance programs and housing provident fund. There is a rising call by the general public for cutting personal contributions to these social security packages and housing provident fund. A very typical case is that if you take a look at the wage list of individual, he may earn 8,000 Yuan but he can only get actually less than 5,000 Yuan, and the rest over 3,000 will be contributions to the social insurance package and the housing fund. Businesses also feel that they are under heavy burden to pay such contributions. Both hope that contributions can be brought down. But we also know that on the other hand, the funding financial resources and social security schemes may have been over-stretched. So I want to ask you, Mr. Premier, how would you respond to the public concern and how will the government resolve this issue? Has this issue being put on the government work agenda?

李克强:你把这一石三鸟一下变成“五险一金”，含金量明显提高了。可能在场很多中方记者都会遇到这样的情况。我在参加两会期间，一些代表和委员也提出来可以考虑适当地调整“五险一金”的缴存比例，党中央国务院对此事高度重视，国务院去年就工伤、失业、生育保险实际上已经下调了它的缴存比例。

当然，“五险一金”从总体上看还是有适当调整的空间，各地情况不同。我前面已经说了，社会保障基金是充裕的，在国家规定的统一框架下，可以给地方更多的自主权，让他们根据当地的实际情况，阶段性地、适当地下调“五险一金”的缴存比例是可以做的。总的是让企业多减轻一点负担，让职工多拿一点现金。谢谢。

中间有一位女士老举着“农民”两个字，让我这个当过农民的人确实感到于心不忍，我们是很重视农民的。

Li Keqiang: During the two sessions, some NPC deputies and CPPCC members have also suggested that appropriate adjustments be made to the proportion of contributions to these insurance schemes and fund by public and business community. The central government, the CPC Central Committee and State Council have paid very high attention to this issue. Last year, the State Council already adjusted downward the contributions by individuals and businesses to the insurance scheme covering places, safety, unemployment and maternity.

On the whole there's still room for us to cut the contributions to these insurance schemes and fund and conditions of different localities vary from each other. As I said before, we still have ample social security funds and local governments can be given great autonomy to make their own decisions of adjusting downward such contributions in keeping with their local conditions. All in all the purpose of our effort is to lessen corporate burden and put more money in the pockets of our people. Thank you!

农民日报记者:请问总理，在去年9月份玉米马上要收获的时候，中央出台了新的玉米临储价格，价格差不多降了二成多，虽然说农业的结构性调整也是现在供给侧改革的大方向，也是必然的要求，但是农民确实损失惨重。请问总理，对这个事情怎么看？今年在这种粮食补贴、农产品价格上会不会有更好的政策？谢谢。

Farmer's Daily: Last September when we were about to harvest corn, the central government introduced adjusted price for the purchase and storage of corn and the price was cut by 20 percent. That brought huge losses to corn growers. We know that this is also part of the supply side structural reform to adjust agricultural structure. But we want to have your take on this issue. What further steps will the central government take with respect to the price of grains in China?

李克强:你问了一个我们都非常关心和重视的大问题，但是时间关系，我只能简要回答。现在农产品主要是谷物产品的国内价格和国际市场比，像玉米、小麦、大米，几乎每吨要高600多块钱，主要还是因为我们的劳动生产率比较低。下一步还是要推动新型城镇化和农业现代化协调发展，要让农民更多的进城，有条件的能够在城里留下来，这样也可以增加农民的收入。同时，可以推进多种形式的适度规模经营，使农民能够把劳动生产率提高，这样就使我们的农产品更有竞争力。当然，农业始终是一个弱势产业，国家对农业的扶持力度不会减，对农民支持的力度也不会减。中国问题的最终解决还在于农民问题从根本上解决，让他们能够富裕起来，过上现代文明的生活。谢谢！

我们会始终高度重视“三农”问题，也会高度重视如何保护工人合法权益的问题。因为大家来自诸多方面，实在是没有时间一一回答了，顾此就会失彼，希望明年再见。

Li Keqiang: The average price in China is about 600 Yuan ($92) per ton higher than international price. That is mainly because our labor productivity is still quite low. So in the future, we are going to pursue coordinated development between new type urbanization and agricultural modernization to help more migrant people move into urban areas.

For those who are already working and living in urban areas, they will be granted urban residency if they meet certain eligibilities and requirements. And that is also one of the ways to boost their income. And we also develop appropriately scaled farming in agriculture to boost labor productivity and enhance the competitiveness of our agricultural products. In a word, the central government will continue to support the development of agriculture and enhance the wellbeing of Chinese farmers.

All in all, we will continue to give very high priority to all issues related to agriculture, farmers and rural areas. And we will also pay very high attention to protecting the lawful interests of workers in the industrial sector. There are so many issues that need to be covered, but our time is limited. So regrettably we may have to leave something out, but hopefully we will meet up again next year.

傅莹:

今天记者会到此结束，谢谢大家，谢谢李克强总理。

李克强:

谢谢各位！